Able против Competent против My German's clean против Skilled

Когда что использовать в английском, со значением, регистром и примерами.

Able

Топ 1000 (очень частое) A2 adjective

Competent

Топ 2000 (частое) C1 adjective

My German's clean

Топ 5000 (довольно частое)

Skilled

Топ 2000 (частое) B2 adjective

Самое частое: Able

	Able	Competent	My German's clean	Skilled
Произношение	🇬🇧 /["/ˈeɪbl/","/ˈeɪblə(r)/","/ˈeɪblɪst/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈeɪbl/","/ˈeɪblər/","/ˈeɪblɪst/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˈkɒmpɪtənt/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈkɑːmpɪtənt/"]/	🇬🇧 //maɪ ˈdʒɜːmənz kliːn// 🇺🇸 //maɪ ˈdʒɜrmənz klin//	🇬🇧 /["/skɪld/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/skɪld/"]/
Значение	Имеющий навыки, силу или возможность что-то сделать. Having the skill, power, or opportunity to do something.	Способный хорошо что-то делать. Able to do something well	My German language skills are good.	Хорошо что-то делать благодаря практике Good at doing something because of practice
Пример	She is able to speak three languages.	She is a competent lawyer who always wins her cases.	I often say, 'My German's clean' when meeting native speakers.	a skilled engineer/negotiator/craftsman
Регистр	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Нейтральное
Насколько частое	Топ 1000 (очень частое)	Топ 2000 (частое)	Топ 5000 (довольно частое)	Топ 2000 (частое)
Уровень CEFR	A2	C1	-	B2
Часть речи	adjective	adjective		adjective
Сочетания	be, feel, prove, fully, perfectly, quite, be, seem, extremely, fairly, very	be, feel, look, extremely, fairly, very, in, be, feel, look, extremely, fairly, very, in	speak German, language skills, good German, fluency in German, language proficiency	be, become, extremely, fairly, very, at, in, with, skilled in the art (of something), be, become, extremely, fairly, very, at, in, with, skilled in the art (of something)
Антонимы	unable, incapable	incompetent, inept, unqualified	-	unskilled, inexperienced, inept
Частые ошибки	Confused with 'capable' — they are similar but not interchangeable., Using 'able' without 'to' when following it with a verb., Incorrectly using 'able' with a past event.	'Competency' is confused with 'competence' despite the latter being more commonly used., Using 'competent' as a noun instead of an adjective., Confusing 'competent' with 'complacent', which means self-satisfied.	Using 'clean' instead of 'good' or 'fluent'., Confusing with 'My German is clean' as an idiom., Translating directly from other languages.	Using 'skilled' with 'to' instead of 'at' (e.g., 'skilled to play' instead of 'skilled at playing'), Confusing 'skilled' with 'skillful' — while similar, 'skillful' often refers to someone who is good at doing something in a practical context., Overusing 'skilled' when a more specific word (like 'talented' or 'expert') would be more fitting.
Заметки по употреблению	Слово 'able' используется для выражения способности в нейтральном контексте. Оно подходит как для устной, так и для письменной речи, но избегайте его использования в слишком формальных ситуациях. Use 'able' to express capability in a neutral context. It’s appropriate in both spoken and written English but avoid using it in overly formal situations.	Слово 'competent' используется для описания человека, который может эффективно выполнять задачу. Оно уместно в профессиональном или академическом контексте, но может звучать слишком формально в повседневных разговорах. Use 'competent' to describe someone who can perform a task effectively. It's appropriate in professional or academic contexts, but may sound too formal in casual conversations.	Typically used in social settings to claim proficiency in German. Avoid in formal academic contexts.	Используйте 'skilled', чтобы описать чьи-то способности в определенной области, особенно в профессиональном или художественном контексте. Подходит как для неформальной, так и для формальной обстановки. Use 'skilled' to describe someone's ability in a certain area, especially in a professional or artistic context. It's appropriate in both casual and formal settings.

Посмотри в реальных клипах

I want to be able to say things, just one-to-one.

Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. › S1 E1

I was able to hack S.H.I.E.L.D. from my van.

The Sopranos › S1 E1

that they wouldn't be able to shut him up.

I want to be able to say things, just one-to-one.

Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. › S1 E1

I was able to hack S.H.I.E.L.D. from my van.

Able

Just a slight one in French, but my German's clean.

My German's clean

...from even the most skilled extractor.

The Lord Of The Rings › The Fellowship Of The Ring

Worthy of the skill of our woodland kin.

...from even the most skilled extractor.

The Lord Of The Rings › The Fellowship Of The Ring

Worthy of the skill of our woodland kin.

Skilled

Частые вопросы: Able против Competent против My German's clean против Skilled

В чём разница между Able, Competent, My German's clean и Skilled?

Able: Having the skill, power, or opportunity to do something. Competent: Able to do something well My German's clean: My German language skills are good. Skilled: Good at doing something because of practice

Что чаще встречается: Able, Competent, My German's clean и Skilled?

Среди них Able самое частое в повседневном английском.

Что сложнее: Able, Competent, My German's clean и Skilled?

Competent имеет самый высокий уровень, C1, по шкале CEFR.

Можно показать пример каждого?

Able: She is able to speak three languages. Competent: She is a competent lawyer who always wins her cases. My German's clean: I often say, 'My German's clean' when meeting native speakers. Skilled: a skilled engineer/negotiator/craftsman

Можно ли использовать Able, Competent, My German's clean и Skilled взаимозаменяемо?

Не всегда. Able, Competent, My German's clean и Skilled близки и иногда пересекаются, но различаются по регистру, частоте и употреблению, поэтому замена одного другим может изменить смысл или тон. Стоит свериться с различиями выше, прежде чем заменять.